In the article on page 36, “Predicting Recidivism Among Juvenile Delinquents: Comparison of Risk Factors for Male and Female Offenders”, summarize the findings in 3-4 paragraphs.
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The article focuses on research on risk factors among male and female juvenile delinquencies. Most studies have had inconsistencies, mainly focusing on male and female juveniles. Some of the factors of delinquency that predict recidivism among delinquents have produced inconsistent results, due, in part, to the various methodologies and examples used in studies.
On the issue of recidivism, females are less likely to repeat their crimes due to factors such as education. The study also showed that recidivism among juveniles could be reduced by focusing on education programs. offense severity wasnot related to recidivism for either sex. Despiteits relatively low frequency in the sample, wefound emotional disabilities were predictive ofrecidivism for both sexes. Additional analysesfound that juvenile delinquents with an emo-tional disability were at significantly greater risk for recidivism than were delinquents without anemotional disability. Researchers have also linked academic achieve-ment with recidivism (e.g., Katsiyannis, Ryan,Zhang, & Spann, 2008). For example, Archwametyand Katsiyannis (2000) studied juvenile delin-quents in remedial math and reading groups andfound that they were twice as likely to recidivateas those in the control group who were not inneed of remedial academic instruction. A lit-erature review by Vacca (2008) that focused onreading achievement and delinquency suggestedthat recidivism would decrease if more time werespent teaching delinquents to read.Directly related to academic achievement, alimited number of studies have examined tThe majority of studies also utilize samples ofprimarily male delinquents, or combine maleand female delinquents into one sample, despiteavailable evidence suggesting that male andfemale adolescents may differ with regard tocharacteristics of delinquency and risk factorsfor recidivism (e.g., Tille & Rose, 2007; Trulson etal., 2005; Vitopoulos, Peterson-Badali, & Skilling,2012). A study by Funk (1999), for example,found that risk factors of recidivism for maleswere different than risk factors of recidivism forfemales. A recent study by Steketee, Junger, andJunger-Tas (2013) examined male and femaledelinquents in 30 countries and concluded thatthere are significant differences in risk factorsof recidivism for females versus males
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