Cardiology/Endocrine Case Study
Answer the questions below using current national clinical practice guidelines, your pharmacology course textbook, previous pathophysiology coursework, and other sources such as journal articles to support your answers. Please review the grading rubric that will be used to evaluate your submission (100 points = 20% of total grade)
1. Based on the patients labs and the Subjective and Objective data, what are the patients diagnoses? (Hint: There are at least 8, so please state at least 5.)
2. Briefly discuss the pathophysiology of the top three diagnoses.
3. Discuss the guidelines for diabetes management. What is the best drug(s) of choice for this patient? What are the benefits of the drug(s) for this patient? Explain the pharmacological action of the drug(s). Explain the importance of aspirin in diabetes. Describe how these medications work to stabilize and provide optimum health.
4. Discuss the JNC 8 guidelines for hypertension management. What is the best drug(s) of choice for this patient? What are the benefits of the drug(s) for this patient? Explain the pharmacological action of the drug(s). Describe how these medications work to stabilize and provide optimum health.
(Hint- There are several resources that discuss the JNC 8 guidelines.) Here are two of them below:
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/1001/p503.html
https://www.ajmc.com/journals/evidence-based-diabetes-management/2014/january-2014/the-jnc-8-hypertension-guidelines-an-in-depth-guide
5. Discuss the AACE 2017 guidelines for dyslipidemia management. What is the best drug(s) of choice for this patient? What are the benefits of the drug(s) for this patient? Explain the pharmacological action of the drug(s). Describe how these medications work to stabilize and provide optimum health.
(Hint- There are several resources that discuss the AACE 2017 guidelines.) Here is one of them below:
https://www.aace.com/files/lipid-guidelines.pdf
6. Discuss non-pharmacological interventions to assist Jose in reaching his optimal health. This includes supplements/alternative/integrative medicine.
7. List factors that increase the patients risk for cardiovascular disease (including labs).
Calculate Joses 10 year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk using the Framingham and Mesa calculators.
(Hint- There are several resources that discuss both calculators above. Here are three of the resources).
https://reference.medscape.com/calculator/framingham-cardiovascular-disease-risk
https://www.mdcalc.com/framingham-coronary-heart-disease-risk-score
https://www.mesa-nhlbi.org/MESACHDRisk/MesaRiskScore/RiskScore.aspx
8. Discuss consequences of obesity as the one major cause of this patients problems that if corrected can impact all of his diagnoses. Explain how the related factors of his lifestyle affect his diagnoses. What type of diet is recommended according to the latest research? Is Jose a candidate for bariatric surgery and how does bariatric surgery help?
9. Jose has expressed his inability to afford all of the medications he needs. What medication is required and how can his other diagnoses be treated? List other disciplines that could provide a multidisciplinary team approach to assist Jose in reaching optimal health.
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