Discuss the impact of these changes and what was the response of the Islamic Society?

1. Define Tanzimat and the era of reforms in the Middle East during the 18th and 19thcenturies. How did the Middle Eastern countries implement it in their countries and with what consequences? Discuss the specific aspects of Tanzimat or the reforms by giving examples from any one of the following regions: Egypt, Ottoman Empire or Persia.

2. What was the impact of imperialism in the Middle East? What were the different models of imperialist control as discussed by Cleveland. Discuss the impact of these changes and what was the response of the Islamic Society?

3. What was the stand of the Middle Eastern countries on Secularism and Modernity? How did constitutional developments in Iran and the Young Turk Movement define modernity in the Middle East? To what extent was this successful?

4. To what extent was the Middle Eastern Question created by the developments of World War I? Discuss the motive and the role of the big powers like Great Britain, France and the U.S.A. in the evolution of these problems? Do you think Wilsons 14 points saved the Middle East from total destruction? Give examples from state building in Egypt, Turkey or Iran (Choose any one).

2 pages for each question

MUST CITE
A History of the Modern Middle East
Book by William L. Cleveland

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