Beccaria’s “On Crimes and Punishments”

Picking one or two topics or themes that these sources discuss, how do the different authors argue against/for each other? On what do they base their arguments? Accepting that all four authors, three on one side and one on the other (mostly), are not always arguing from the same starting point, what are they really arguing about in the broader context of eighteenth-century Europe? To give an example: some are in favor of the death penalty, some are against it, some want it limited, and while that is interesting by itself, how and why they make their arguments elucidate broader discussions occurring in Enlightenment Europe. Those of you who have studied philosophy, economics, political science (the social contract), and so forth will find a number of connections here.

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