Discuss the relationship between cell phone use, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in adults aged 1880.1.) First, briefly summarize the research that was conducted in the scholarly article (without excessively quoting directly from the article summaries should be in your own words and brief). Your summary should ONLY include the following (you do NOT need to include details about the study design that we have not yet discussed): A) the purpose of the research (descriptive, exploratory, and/or explanatory) B) the researchers main research question(s) in your own words C) the authors hypothesis/hypotheses in your own words (if the hypothesis is not stated, were they implied could you determine what the authors hypotheses were anyway? Why do you think predictions are not explicitly made?) D) the authors main finding(s) and implications (what did the authors find/conclude and what do these findings mean?) in your own words2.) What justification or rationale (novelty, originality, creativity, contribution to an ongoing discussion, etc) do the authors provide for doing the study? How does their justification align (or not) with our discussion of justifications for research from class? Are there justifications that the authors do not state explicitly in the article that you identified while reading in other words, are there other ways to justify the study or its value that the authors didnt mention? 3.) What is the role of theory in the article does a particular theory drive the articles purpose and how so? Do the authors discuss how their findings contribute to or inform theory what do they say?4.) What are the key concepts of interest that the researchers studied (that is, what are the variables or constructs that they set out to measure)? How were these key concepts/variables conceptualized (i.e. how did the authors conceptually define their variables)? For instance, if they were studying self-esteem, how did they conceptually define self-esteem as one of their 3 concepts of interest? 5.) How were concepts/variables operationalized? How did the authors precisely measure their concepts/variables? Were there clear indicators identified by the authors? For instance, if they were studying self-esteem, what aspects (indicators) of self-esteem did they set out to measure and how did they measure them? 6.) How did the researchers address issues of validity and reliability in their study? Often issues of validity and reliability are presented in the methods section of an article (usually where the measures used for the study are described). For instance, if a study uses an established survey to measure depression, sometimes they report how reliable/valid the measure is from previous research). If the researchers did not explicitly discuss validity/reliability, how do you understand validity/reliability to be relevant for this particular study?
Critique the scholarly article (15pts) 1) Consider the overall purpose of the study you identified in your summary: Did the researchers achieve their stated aims? Explain why or why not.2) How do the researchers approach the design of their study? Is it inductive, deductive? Quantitative, qualitative? Or something else? Describe how you know or how you determined whether the study was quant/qual, inductive/deductive or utilized more than one approach? 3) Consider this design of the study (quant/qual, inductive/deductive): Is their approach appropriate for this study? Explain why or why not. 4) Was this research conducted in a way that was thorough and effective? Explain why or why not. How did you come to evaluate the effectiveness of the research? Your answer to these questions should be grounded in concepts from class and not just your opinion. For example, you might highlight how a concept or construct was conceptualized or operationalized for instance, you could point out what the conceptualization might not have considered that is important for understanding the construct. Or you might highlight what measures were used to operationalize constructs and consider if other measures might have done a better job (or not!) and why. 5) What limitations or difficulties did you observe in the study? (Most research studies identify and discuss their limitations and its great to mention limitations that the authors themselves identify, but you should identify others not mentioned.) What could the authors have done to improve upon the study? 6) In your opinion, what was the greatest strength of the study and why?
Application/Reflection (5pts) For these questions, you can include your opinion. 1) Why is it important to understand and evaluate the elements of research as itis presented in scholarly publications? 2) In your opinion, what is the most challenging information/concept to understand in the research article you read? What do you feel like was most confusing and why? 3) Identify and discuss two possible strategies one might use to improve their research literacy skills that is, what might one do to improve their comprehension and understanding of ho
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